Johnston Atoll




                                  Header


Affiliation:
     (territory of the US)


                                 Geography


Location:
     Oceania, Polynesia, in the North Pacific Ocean, 1,430 km
     west-southwest of Honolulu, about one-third of the way between Hawaii
     and the Marshall Islands
Map references:
     Oceania
Area:
total area:
     2.8 sq km
land area:
     2.8 sq km
comparative area:
     about 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
     0 km
Coastline:
     10 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
     24 nm
continental shelf:
     200-m depth or to depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone:
     200 nm
territorial sea:
     12 nm
International disputes:
     none
Climate:
     tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with
     little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
     mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters
Natural resources:
     guano (deposits worked until about 1890)
Land use:
arable land:
     0%
permanent crops:
     0%
meadows and pastures:
     0%
forest and woodland:
     0%
other:
     100%




Irrigated land:
     0 sq km
Environment:
current issues:
     NA
natural hazards:
     NA
international agreements:
     NA
Note:
     strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and
     Sand Island are natural islands; North Island (Akau) and East Island
     (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; closed to the
     public; former nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll
     Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing vegetation


                                  People


Population:
     327 (July 1994 est.)


                                Government


Names:
conventional long form:
     none
conventional short form:
Digraph:
     JQ
Type:
     unincorportated territory of the US administered by the US Defense
     Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and
     Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the
     National Wildlife Refuge system
Capital:
     none; administered from Washington, DC
Diplomatic representation in US:
     none (territory of the US)
US diplomatic representation:
     none (territory of the US)
Flag:
     the flag of the US is used


                                  Economy


Overview:
     Economic activity is limited to providing services to US military
     personnel and contractors located on the island. All food and
     manufactured goods must be imported.
Electricity:
     supplied by the management and operations contractor


                              Communications




Highways:
total:
     NA
paved:
     NA
unpaved:
     NA
Airports:
total:
     1
usable:
     1
with permanent-surface runways:
     1
with runways over 3,659 m:
     0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
     1 with TACAN and beacon
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
     0
Telecommunications:
     excellent system including 60-channel submarine cable, Autodin/SRT
     terminal, digital telephone switch, Military Affiliated Radio System
     (MARS station), commercial satellite television system, and UHF/VHF
     air-ground radio


                              Defense Forces


Note:
     defense is the responsibility of the US